1. G. Stanley Hall, “A Few Results of Recent Scientific Study of the Negro in America,” Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society (February 1905): 95-107.


Summary of biological characteristics associated with African Americans with a review of developments affecting race relations since the Civil War. The author, one of the fathers of psychology in the United States and a specialist in child development, observes that “Special studies show that the negro child up to about twelve is quite as bright as the white child; but when this instinct [the sex drive] develops[,] it is earlier, more sudden, and far more likely permanently to retard mental and moral growth, than in the white, who shoots ahead.” The author also has praise for the Tuskegee Institute. “For myself, I doubt if any educational institution in the world’s history ever showed in those who attend from year to year greater progress along so many lines,--dress, manners, intelligence, morals, health,--than is seen in the pupils of Tuskegee.”