13. McKaye, James. The Mastership and Its Fruits: The Emancipated Slave Face to Face with His Old Master (New York: Wm. C. Bryant & Co., 1864). (38 p.)


Extensive report on the living conditions of recently emancipated slaves in the lower Mississippi River Valley prepared for Edwin M. Stanton, Lincoln’s Secretary of War. Although the author focuses on issues related to the labor of freedmen on plantations, he also provides information in regard to their life prior to emancipation. For example, he describes four types of whips used to discipline recalcitrant slaves.