7. William Henry Ruffner, Africa’s Redemption. A Discourse on African Colonization in Its Missionary Aspects, and in Its Relation to Slavery and Abolition. Preached on Sabbath Morning, July 4th, 1852, in the Seventh Presbyterian Church, Penn Square, Pennsylvania (Philadelphia: William S. Martien, 1852). (48 p.)


Sermon defending colonization in Africa and blaming abolitionists for making the plight of slaves in the South worse. “Abolitionism has never caused the honest emancipation of a single slave, has in no singular particular bettered the condition of the slave, nor has it really elevated any portion of the negro race.”