11. “Topics of the Time: The West Point Affair,” Scribner’s Monthly (July 1880): 462-63.


Criticism of West Point cadets for their prejudicial treatment of a black cadet, [Johnson C.] Whittaker. “The West Point Academy may be a very useful institution in its educational and military aspect, but until an African can have as good a chance there as a white man, through the social respect and kindness of all who come into contact with him, it can law no valid claim to being a collection of gentlemen.”