38. F. R. Guernsey, “The Negro Exodus,” International Review (October 1879): 373-90.


Examination of the causes for the emigration of African Americans to Kansas and several Northern States. “We have seen that while there too generally exist sufficient causes for the negro’s frequent discontent with his material condition, these causes are not universally operative, and do not therefore afford an entirely adequate solution of the exodus. But when we add to the grievances under which the negro labors as a cultivator of the soil the really universal dissatisfaction of the black man with his anomalous political status, the general uneasiness of the colored population of the Southern States is fully explained.”